New Disease Reports
New Disease Reports (2014) 30, 5. [http://dx.doi.org/10.5197/j.2044-0588.2014.030.005]
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First report of Strawberry crinkle virus in Argentina

M.C. Perotto 1,2, C. Luciani 1,3, M.G.Celli 1, A.. Torrico 1 and V.C. Conci 1,2*

*conci.vilma@inta.gob.ar

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Received: 09 May 2014; Published: 07 Aug 2014

Keywords: Cytorhabdovirus, Rhabdovirus, L protein, SCV

Strawberry crinkle virus (SCV) is one of the most frequent viruses affecting strawberry worldwide, and responsible for important reductions in yield and fruit quality. Stunted dwarfed plants with distorted leaves were found in Lules (26°55′22″S 65°20′15″W), Tucumán province, Argentina, in 2010, suggesting the virus presence. Total nucleic acids were isolated from leaves of 26 strawberry plants (Fragaria x ananassa cv. Camarosa) showing symptoms using the modified cetyltrimethylammonium bromide method (CTAB) as performed by Chang et al. (2007). Healthy strawberry plants previously tested by grafting to indicator plants (Fragaria virginiana clone UC-12, F. vesca clone UC-6 and cv. Alpine) were used as negative controls. 

The extracts were analysed by one-step nested RT-PCR (RT-PCR Kit, Qiagen) with specific primers (Posthuma et al., 2002), which amplify a 573-bp genome fragment corresponding to a conserved region of the rhabdovirus polymerase (L) genes. Two PCR products were cloned into the pCR4-TOPO® vector (TOPO® TA Cloning Kit for Sequencing of Invitrogen Lab) and bi-directionally sequenced. In addition, new primers were designed based on the previously obtained sequences and others retrieved from the GenBank: Cito1/for: TCTATCAACCCTATGCAATATCCG; Cito1/rev: GTAGTATCTTCCAGCCACCTGATG (expected fragment size 744 nt) and Cito2/for: ATGGGACCTATGTACCGGACATC; Cito2/rev GGAAATTGTGTCTCTCCCCATTTG (687 nt) (Fig. 1). The PCR products obtained from each sample were cloned and bi-directionally sequenced. Sequences were assembled using the SeqMan program (Lasergene software, DNAStar ver. 5, 2001), and manual adjustment was done when necessary. The assembly of the three genomic fragments retrieved a consensus sequence (1897 nt), which was deposited in GenBank (Accession No. KJ748457). BLAST analysis showed that the Argentinean isolate has 95% (AY250986.2 - cover 100%) to 89% (JN542482.1 - cover 15%) nucleotide identity with SCV sequences (15). Phylogenetic analysis performed with a 258 nt fragment of 14 SCV sequences downloaded from the GenBank generated a tree in which the Argentinian isolate was grouped in group II according to Klerks et al. (2004) (Fig. 2). Collectively, the data implicate the SCV as the etiological agent. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Strawberry crinkle virus infecting strawberry in Argentina. Additional studies to complete the characterisation are being carried out.

Figure1+
Figure 1: Diagram showing the primer binding sites. * Primers used for nested RT PCR from Posthuma et al. (2002), that amplify a 573 bp genome fragment.
Figure 1: Diagram showing the primer binding sites. * Primers used for nested RT PCR from Posthuma et al. (2002), that amplify a 573 bp genome fragment.
Figure2+
Figure 2: Phylogenetic tree of a partial RNA-dependent RNA polymerase-coding region of 258 nt of SCV isolates. The phylogenetic tree is obtained using by using the Maximum Likelihood method based on the Tamura 3-parameter model. The analysis involved 15 nucleotide sequences. All positions containing gaps and missing data were eliminated. Evolutionary analyses were conducted in MEGA6 (Tamura et al., 2013).
Figure 2: Phylogenetic tree of a partial RNA-dependent RNA polymerase-coding region of 258 nt of SCV isolates. The phylogenetic tree is obtained using by using the Maximum Likelihood method based on the Tamura 3-parameter model. The analysis involved 15 nucleotide sequences. All positions containing gaps and missing data were eliminated. Evolutionary analyses were conducted in MEGA6 (Tamura et al., 2013).

References

  1. Chang L, Zhang Z, Yang H, Li H, Dai H, 2007. Detection of strawberry RNA and DNA viruses by RT-PCR using total nucleic acid as a template. Journal of Phytopathology 155, 431-436. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.2007.01254.x]
  2. Klerks MM, Lindner JL, Vaskova D, Špak J, Thompson JR, Jelkmann W, Schoen CD, 2004. Detection and tentative grouping of Strawberry crinkle virus isolates. European Journal of Plant Pathology 110, 45-52. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:EJPP.0000010134.06283.38]
  3. Posthuma KI, Adams AN, Hong Y, Kirby MJ, 2002. Detection of Strawberry crinkle virus in plants and aphids by RT-PCR using conserved L gene sequences. Plant Pathology 51, 266-274. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.2002.00725.x]
  4. Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipski A, Kumar S, 2013. MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution 30, 2725-2729. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst197]
To cite this report: Perotto MC, Luciani C, M.G.Celli, Torrico A, Conci VC, 2014. First report of Strawberry crinkle virus in Argentina. New Disease Reports 30, 5. [http://dx.doi.org/10.5197/j.2044-0588.2014.030.005]

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